C++ Coding Exercises - Conditional Structures

if Statements

Problem Statement 1: Positive, Negative or Zero - if statement

Write a C++ program that takes a number as input and checks whether it is positive, negative, or zero. Display the appropriate message based on the entered number.

Hint: Use an if-else-if ladder.

Problem Statement 2: Check Even or Odd - if statement

Write a C++ program that takes an integer as input and determines whether it is even or odd. Display an appropriate message based on the result.

Hint: Use the modulus operator (%) to check the remainder when the number is divided by 2.

Problem Statement 3: Check Eligibility Based on Marks - if statement

Write a C++ program that takes a student's marks as input. If the marks are 50 or above, display "Eligible"; otherwise, display "Not Eligible".

Hint: Use an if-else statement to check the marks.

Problem Statement 4: Student Grade Calculator - if statement

Write a C++ program that takes a student's marks as input and displays the corresponding grade according to the following criteria:

• A: 80–100 marks
• B: 70–79 marks
• C: 60–69 marks
• D: 50–59 marks
• Fail: Below 50 marks

If the entered marks are less than 0 or greater than 100, display "Invalid Marks".

Hint: Use an if-else-if ladder to check the marks and assign the appropriate grade. First, validate that the marks are between 0 and 100.

Problem Statement 5: Find the Larger Number - if statement

Write a C++ program that takes two numbers as input and compares them. Display the larger number. If both numbers are equal, display "Both numbers are equal."

Hint: Use an if-else-if ladder to compare the two numbers and handle all three possible cases.

Problem Statement 6: Login Authentication System - if statement

Write a C++ program that takes two inputs: a user verification flag and a password verification flag. Display "Login Successful" only if both flags indicate that the username and password are correct. Otherwise, display "Login Failed".

Hint: Use nested if statements to check the user verification flag first and then the password verification flag.

Problem Statement 7: Scholarship Eligibility Checker - if statement

Write a C++ program that takes a student's marks and family monthly income as input. The student is eligible for a scholarship only if both of the following conditions are met:

• The student's marks are 80 or above.
• The family's monthly income is below Rs. 60,000.

Display "Scholarship Awarded" if the student meets both conditions. Otherwise, display "Not Eligible for Scholarship".

Hint: Use nested if statements to check the marks first and then the family income.

Course Registration

Problem Statement 8: Student Registration Eligibility - if statement

Write a C++ program that takes three inputs to check whether a student can register:

• Admission Status: Admission is confirmed.
• Fee Status: Required fee has been paid.
• Document Verification Status: All required documents have been verified.

Display "Registration Allowed" only if all three requirements are satisfied. Otherwise, display "Registration Not Allowed".

Hint: Use nested if statements with appropriate else branches to check each requirement one by one.

Problem Statement 9: Driving Eligibility (&& — AND)

Problem Statement

Write a C++ program to determine whether a person is eligible to drive. A person must be at least 18 years old and have a valid driving licence.

Requirements

1. Input the person's age and whether they have a valid driving licence.
2. Use the logical AND operator (&&) in an if-else statement.
3. Display Allowed to drive if both conditions are true; otherwise, display Not allowed to drive.
4. Test the program with different ages and licence statuses.

Problem Statement 10: Examination Hall Entry (|| — OR)

Problem Statement

Write a C++ program to determine whether a student is allowed to enter an examination hall. A student may enter if they have a valid admit card or special permission from the examination authorities.

Requirements

1. Input whether the student has a valid admit card and whether they have special permission.
2. Use the logical OR operator (||) in an if-else statement.
3. Display Entry allowed if at least one condition is true; otherwise, display Entry denied.
4. Test all four combinations of admit card and special permission statuses.

Problem Statement 11: Free Delivery (&& — AND)

Problem Statement

Write a C++ program to determine whether a customer qualifies for free delivery. Free delivery is available only when the order amount is Rs. 3,000 or more and the customer's address is within the delivery area.

Requirements

1. Input the order amount and whether the customer's address is within the delivery area.
2. Use the logical AND operator (&&) in an if-else statement.
3. Display Free delivery if both conditions are true; otherwise, display Delivery charges apply.
4. Test the program with order amounts below, equal to, and above Rs. 3,000, using both delivery-area statuses.

Problem Statement 12: Library Account Status (! — NOT)

Problem Statement

Write a C++ program to determine whether a student's library account is active or blocked. Use a Boolean variable named isBlocked to indicate whether the student's account has been blocked.

Requirements

1. Declare a Boolean variable named isBlocked.
2. Assign true if the account is blocked and false if the account is not blocked.
3. Use the logical NOT operator (!) in an if-else statement to check the account status.
4. Display Account active if the account is not blocked; otherwise, display Account blocked.
5. Test the program with both true and false values.

Problem Statement 13: University Admission Eligibility (&& and || — Mixed Operators)

Problem Statement

Write a C++ program to determine whether a student is eligible for university admission. The student must score at least 60 marks and must have either a valid entry test result or an approved entry test exemption.

Requirements

1. Input the student's marks, whether their entry test result is valid, and whether an exemption has been approved.
2. Use the logical AND (&&) and OR (||) operators together in an if-else statement.
3. Display Eligible for admission if the student scores at least 60 marks and either has a valid entry test result or an approved exemption.
4. Otherwise, display Not eligible.
5. Test at least four combinations, including:
   • Marks below 60 with a valid entry test result.
   • Marks of 60 or above with a valid entry test result.
   • Marks of 60 or above with an approved exemption but no valid entry test result.
   • Marks of 60 or above with neither a valid entry test result nor an approved exemption.

switch Statement

Problem Statement 14: Day Type Checker Using switch

Write a C++ program that asks the user to enter a day number from 1 to 7. Use a switch statement to determine whether the entered day is a Weekday or a Weekend.

• If the user enters a number from 1 to 5, display Weekday.
• If the user enters 6 or 7, display Weekend.
• If the user enters any number outside the range of 1 to 7, display Invalid day number.

Example Output 1:

Enter day number (1-7): 3
Weekday

Example Output 2:

Enter day number (1-7): 7
Weekend

Example Output 3:

Enter day number (1-7): 9
Invalid day number

Problem Statement 15: Simple Calculator Using switch

Write a C++ program that asks the user to enter two numbers of type double and an arithmetic operator (+, -, *, /, or %). Use a switch statement to perform the selected arithmetic operation and display the result.

Requirements

• If the operator is +, add the two numbers.
• If the operator is -, subtract the second number from the first.
• If the operator is *, multiply the two numbers.
• If the operator is /, divide the first number by the second. If the second number is zero, display Cannot divide by zero.
• If the operator is %, convert both numbers to integers and calculate the remainder. If the converted second number is zero, display Cannot calculate remainder by zero.
• If the user enters an invalid operator, display Invalid operator.

Example Output 1: Addition

Enter first number: 10.5
Enter operator (+, -, *, /, %): +
Enter second number: 5.2
Result = 15.7

Example Output 2: Decimal Division

Enter first number: 10
Enter operator (+, -, *, /, %): /
Enter second number: 4
Result = 2.5

Example Output 3: Division by Zero

Enter first number: 10
Enter operator (+, -, *, /, %): /
Enter second number: 0
Cannot divide by zero

Example Output 4: Modulus

Enter first number: 10
Enter operator (+, -, *, /, %): %
Enter second number: 3
Result = 1

Example Output 5: Invalid Operator

Enter first number: 10
Enter operator (+, -, *, /, %): &
Enter second number: 5
Invalid operator

Note: Use double variables for both inputs. The modulus (%) operator works only with integers in C++, so convert the operands to integers for this operation. Any decimal parts will be discarded during conversion.

Problem Statement 16: Vowel Checker Using switch

Write a C++ program that asks the user to enter a single character. Use a switch statement to check whether the entered character is a vowel (a, e, i, o, or u). The program should recognize both lowercase and uppercase vowels.

Requirements

• If the character is a, e, i, o, or u, display Vowel.
• If the character is A, E, I, O, or U, display Vowel.
• For any other character, display Not a vowel.

Example Output 1: Lowercase Vowel

Enter a character: e
Vowel

Example Output 2: Uppercase Vowel

Enter a character: U
Vowel

Example Output 3: Consonant

Enter a character: b
Not a vowel

Example Output 4: Digit

Enter a character: 5
Not a vowel

Problem Statement 17: Student Management System Using switch

Write a C++ program to display a menu for a simple Student Management System. Ask the user to enter a choice from the menu and use a switch statement to perform the corresponding action.

Requirements

Display the following menu:

1. Student Profile
2. Semester Result
3. Fee Status
4. Exit

• If the user enters 1, display Displaying student profile.
• If the user enters 2, display Displaying semester result.
• If the user enters 3, display Displaying fee status.
• If the user enters 4, display Exiting the program.
• If the user enters any other number, display Invalid choice.

Example Output 1: Student Profile

--- Student Management System ---
1. Student Profile
2. Semester Result
3. Fee Status
4. Exit
Enter your choice: 1
Displaying student profile.

Example Output 2: Fee Status

--- Student Management System ---
1. Student Profile
2. Semester Result
3. Fee Status
4. Exit
Enter your choice: 3
Displaying fee status.

Example Output 3: Invalid Choice

--- Student Management System ---
1. Student Profile
2. Semester Result
3. Fee Status
4. Exit
Enter your choice: 5
Invalid choice.

Problem Statement 18: Grade Evaluation Using switch

Write a C++ program that asks the user to enter a letter grade (A, B, C, D, or F). Use a switch statement to display the corresponding performance message.

Requirements

1. If the grade is A, display Excellent Performance.
2. If the grade is B, display Very Good Performance.
3. If the grade is C, display Good Performance.
4. If the grade is D, display You Passed.
5. If the grade is F, display You Failed.
6. If the user enters any other character, display Invalid grade.
7. Modify the program to accept both uppercase and lowercase grades (e.g., A and a).
8. Add grade E and display Needs Improvement.
9. Test the program with valid and invalid grades to verify the output.

Sample Output 1

Enter your grade (A, B, C, D, F): A
Excellent Performance

Sample Output 2

Enter your grade (A, B, C, D, F): b
Very Good Performance

Sample Output 3

Enter your grade (A, B, C, D, F): X
Invalid grade

Problem Statement 19: Number of Days in a Month Using switch

Write a C++ program that asks the user to enter a month number (1–12). Use a switch statement to display the number of days in the corresponding month.

Requirements

1. If the user enters 1, display 31 days for January.
2. If the user enters 2, display 28 days for February.
3. If the user enters 3, display 31 days for March.
4. If the user enters 4, display 30 days for April.
5. If the user enters 5, display 31 days for May.
6. If the user enters 6, display 30 days for June.
7. If the user enters 7, display 31 days for July.
8. If the user enters 8, display 31 days for August.
9. If the user enters 9, display 30 days for September.
10. If the user enters 10, display 31 days for October.
11. If the user enters 11, display 30 days for November.
12. If the user enters 12, display 31 days for December.
13. If the user enters a number outside the range of 1–12, display Invalid month number.

Note: Assume February has 28 days. Leap years are not considered.

Sample Output 1

Enter month number (1-12): 2
February has 28 days.

Sample Output 2

Enter month number (1-12): 4
April has 30 days.

Sample Output 3

Enter month number (1-12): 15
Invalid month number

Problem Statement 20: ATM Menu System Using switch

Difficulty Level: Advanced

Write a C++ program that simulates a simple ATM system. Display a menu that allows the user to check their account balance, deposit money, withdraw money, or exit the program. Use a switch statement to process the user's selection.

Requirements

1. Balance Inquiry: Display the current account balance.
2. Deposit: Ask the user to enter an amount and add it to the account balance. The amount must be greater than zero.
3. Withdrawal: Ask the user to enter an amount and subtract it from the account balance. The amount must be greater than zero and must not exceed the available balance.
4. Exit: Display Thank you for using the ATM. and terminate the program.
5. Invalid Choice: If the user enters an invalid menu option, display Invalid choice. Please try again.
6. Initialize the account balance with a starting amount of Rs. 10,000.
7. Display the menu again after each transaction until the user selects Exit.

Sample Output 1: Balance Inquiry

--- ATM Menu ---
1. Balance Inquiry
2. Deposit
3. Withdrawal
4. Exit
 
Enter your choice: 1
Current Balance: Rs. 10000

Sample Output 2: Deposit

Enter your choice: 2
Enter deposit amount: 2000
Deposit successful.
Updated Balance: Rs. 12000

Sample Output 3: Withdrawal

Enter your choice: 3
Enter withdrawal amount: 3000
Withdrawal successful.
Updated Balance: Rs. 9000

Sample Output 4: Insufficient Balance

Enter your choice: 3
Enter withdrawal amount: 15000
Insufficient balance.

Sample Output 5: Exit

Enter your choice: 4
Thank you for using the ATM.